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Efficacy against ticks

  1. Does advantix have a repellent effect on ticks?
  2. How long must a tick remain in contact with a dog to absorb advantix in sufficient quantity to kill it?
  3. Why do some ticks remain attached to the skin after treatment with advantix? What happens with Frontline?
  4. How long does it take a tick attached to a dog treated with advantix to detach itself?
  5. I have been told about dogs which had ticks attached to them two or three days after the application and others with ticks still on them in the third week; what happened in these dogs?
  6. How long does it take a tick to die after being repelled?
  7. Can a product be simultaneously a repellent against ticks and an acaricide?

Does advantix have a repellent effect on ticks?

Yes, ticks avoid contact with permethrin. Studies have shown that advantix has a repellent effect on 98.5% of ticks.
The repellent effect is associated with a tickicidal effect which affects the ticks which have still had brief or minimal contact with advantix.

How long must a tick remain in contact with a dog to absorb advantix in sufficient quantity to kill it?

Investigations in this direction have been carried out by various authors; in a study in 2002 Dautel reported a tickicidal action of 96% in 24 hours after two minutes' contact with advantix.
Mehlhorne shows a short film, recorded while a study was being carried out, in which the tick died 10 minutes after brief contact with the coat of a dog which had been treated.

Why do some ticks remain attached to the skin after treatment with advantix? What happens with Frontline?

Physiologically, the ticks remain stuck to the host because of a cementing substance produced by the salivary glands, which fixes the hypostome where it is.
Irrespective then of the type of activity of the antiparasitic product, ticks become detached only two or three days after their death, following expulsion of the hypostome from the skin.

How long does it take a tick attached to a dog treated with advantix to detach itself?

Detachment of the tick depends on a voluntary movement by the parasite itself.
In a dog treated with advantix, the tick dies within 24 hours, which is not enough time for the hypostome to have detached from the dog's skin, and it is therefore possible to find ticks on the dog still fixed in the skin but dead. The tick usually falls off, with expulsion of the hypostome from the skin within the next three days.

I have been told about dogs which had ticks attached to them two or three days after the application and others with ticks still on them in the third week; what happened in these dogs?

Undoubtedly there may be cases where the variation in the individual response linked to the dog, the surrounding environment and the quantity of ticks present may lead to situations like those described in the question. Studies have shown that a limited number of ticks may remain on the dog six hours after the first treatment and that these parasites cannot then be found after 24 to 48 hours. It has been noted that some ticks are particularly resistant to the repellent effect of permethrin; however even these ticks are killed by advantix within 24 to 48 hours.

How long does it take a tick to die after being repelled?

The repellent effect means that the ticks do not jump onto the treated animals. A certain proportion of ticks comes into contact with the animal, however; this contact, shortened by the "hot foot" effect, is still sufficient to kill these parasites within 24 to 48 hours.

Can a product be simultaneously a repellent against ticks and an acaricide?

The repellent effect is manifested in two ways: by preventing the parasite from coming into contact with the treated animal, or by creating an unfavourable environment which prevents the parasite from remaining on the animal (hot foot effect). In the latter case, the parasite manages to jump onto the host, but gets off it after a few minutes, and does not manage to have a feed of blood. This brief period of contact with the antiparasitic is sufficient, however, to cause the death of the parasite which has left the animal. In this case, therefore, repellent and acaricidal activities co-exist.

 
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